硼对不同油菜品种生长发育及产量和品质的影响

Effect of boron on the growth,yield and quality of different rape cultivars

通过多点大田试验和盆栽试验，证明硼肥具有促进油菜生长，提高产量和品质的作用。常规油菜和优质油菜品种对硼肥反应在生长和产量上均表现出显著差异，在品质上则具有相似的反应趋势。常规品种和优质品种对缺硼反应的差异与其叶片含硼量、硝酸还原酶活性、株高、叶面积及干物质的差异有一致性，说明上述指标可以作为油菜耐低硼能力的鉴别依据，优质油菜品种对缺硼反应敏感，施用硼肥具有更好的增产效果；土壤水溶性硼含量愈低，硼肥的增产效果愈佳，两类品种所表现出的差异也就更大。

The results from the field and pot experiments showed that boron obviously promotedthe rape growth,raised the yield and improved the quality of rapeseed for both traditional and high-quality varieties. Significant difference in response to boron application was found between thesetwo types of variety for the seed yield,which was consistent with the marked diiference in boroncomcentration of leaves,the activity of nitrate reductase,plant height,leaf area and dry matter yieldbetween the varieties at initial flowering stage. These plant traits may be utilized as selection pa-rameters which discriminated between the responses of traditional and highquality rape cultivars. High-quality rape cultivars were more susceptible to boron deficiency and had a better effect ofyield increase than traditional cultivar did when applied with boron fertilizer.The lower the watersoluble boron concentration in soil,the greater the differences between the responses of traditionaland high- qualiity rape varieties.