茶园土壤化学成分与茶苗生长的关系

Relationship between soil chemical composition and tea growth.

通过不同茶园土壤的化学分析和盆栽，研究了土壤化学成分与茶树生长发育的关系，结果表明，土壤活性铝、铁、锌含量低是导致部分茶园换种改植茶苗成活率低和生长发育不良的原因。茶园土壤活性铝和锌含量与土壤ｐＨ呈极显著负相关，茶园土壤活性铝含量为：行间土低于蓬心土，表层土低于下层土。这种差异是由于茶树对铝的生物积聚作用和施肥所致，土壤有机质含量高对茶树生长发育有积极作用；土壤有机质、活性铝和速效磷含量高，有利于植株分枝和向高度发展；在速效ＮＨ＿４－Ｎ含量高的土壤中植茶，主茎较粗。文中还对部分老茶园的换种改植方法作了讨论。

Relationship between soil chemical composition and tea growth was studied by soilchemical analysis and pot- culture.The results showed that high pH and low content of ex-changable Al,Zn and Fe in some tea soils caused high mortality and stuntedness of tea plant.There was significantly negativc correlation between soil pH and content of soil exchangable Al or Zn. Exchangable Al content was higher in subsoil than in upper soil. Soil beneath tea canopy contained more alumimiun than that between tea rows.Biological accumulation of Al by tea plant and appli-cation of manure might be major factors causing the difference in Al distribution.The results also revealed that organic matter in tea soil was beneficial to thriving of tea plant and exchangable Al and activc phosphorus to branching of tea plant,while active NH_2-N to thickening of tea trunk stem.Technique of replanting some old tea field was also discussed in the present paper.