结直肠癌病人粪便及组织中Ki－ras基因突变的研究

DETECTION OF KI-RAS GENE MUTATIONS IN TUMOR TISSUES AND STOOLS OF PATIENTS WITH COLORECTAL CARCINOMA

作者采用ＰＣＲ－ＲＦＬＰ方法研究了中国人结直肠癌ｒａｓ基国突变的背景，并在病人粪便ＤＮＡ中检测该突变基因。３５例癌组织中发现Ｋｉ－ｒａｓ１２位密码子突变１１例（３１．４％），６１位密码子１例（２．９％），没有发现西方结直肠癌中较为常见的１３位密码子突变。１８例病人粪便ＤＮＡ中６例有突变ｒａｓ基因，并与癌肿组织的检测结果完全吻合。作者认为从粪便ＤＮＡ检测ｒａｓ基因突变，对早期发现结直肠肿瘤具有实际应用前景。

In order to know the background of Ki-ras gene mutations in the Chinese colorectal cancer,we first studied 35 colorectal cancer tissues using the PCR-RFLP method.Eleven of the 35 samples(31.4%) were found to contain Ki-ras codon 12 mutation,1 sample(2.9%) codon 61 mutation and there was no codon 13 Asp mutation frequently observed in the colorectal carcinoma of western countries.We also studied the mutations in the DNA of stcols from patients with colorectal cancer.We found Ki-ras cedon 12 mutation in 6 of 18(33.3%) stcol DNA samples.The same kind of mutatiOn was also observed in the corresponding tumor tissues.No Ki-ras gene mutation was found in normal stcols. Our data suggest that the established non-radioactive technique for detection of Ki-ras gene mutations in stool samples might be a usefully practical method for colorectal cancer screening at an early stage.