瓜实蝇、桔小实蝇、南瓜实蝇在广州地区的种群动态

ON THE SEASONAL POPULATION DYNAMICS OF MELONAND ORIENTAL-FRUIT FLIES AND PUMPKIN FLYIN GUANGZHOU AREA

利用Steiner诱捕器和灯笼式诱捕器,内放有诱捕剂cue-lure或methyl eugenol和化学农药马拉硫磷混合物的棉芯,在广州地区6个不同生境,从1989—1992年,连续诱捕结果表明,3种果实蝇的自然种群密度依次为瓜实蝇、南瓜实蝇和桔小实蝇,它们每年有两个密度高峰,瓜实蝇和桔小实蝇的第1个高峰出现在1—3月;第2个高峰出现在7—11月上旬,第2个高峰比第1个高峰的密度大。南瓜实蝇的第1个高峰出现在1—5月;第2个高峰出现在10—12月。瓜实蝇的密度在果树蔬菜混合布局的生境和局部地区大面积生产瓜菜的生境中密度最高,苦瓜受害最严重。桔小实蝇为害番石榴,南瓜实蝇为害南瓜严重。3种实蝇的季节丰盛度与寄主的收获期基本一致。

Steiner's and lantern-form traps loaded with lint wicks containing cue-lure/ methyl eugenol and a few malathion were set up in six different habitats of Guangzhou Area since 1989 to 1992 for monitoring the population dynamics of male moths of melon fruit fly (MFF) Bactrocera cucurbitae (Coquilett), oriental fruit fly (OFF) B. dosalis (Bendel)and pumpkin fly (PF) B. tau Walker. The results showed that the densities of their natural populations are MFF>PF>OFF. All of them have two density peaks per year, the first, the minor, and second, the major, peaks of MFF and OFF are in January- March and July -November, respectively; and those of PF are in January -May and October -December, respectively. The density of MFF is mostly dense in the habitats where the fruit trees and vegetables are mosaically cultivated or the cucurbits and vegetables are commercially grown in partial area. The bitter melon is seriously damaged in these area, OFF damages to guava and PF to pumpkin seriously. The seasonal richnesses of these fruit flies basically coincide with the harvest stage of their hosts.