芦笋小管蚜种群的光温效应

THE EFFECTS OF LIGHT AND TEMPERATURE ON THE POPULATION DYNAMICS OF ASPARAGUS APHID

温度是影响芦笋小管蚜种群的主要因素之一。1—4龄孤雌蚜的发育起点温度依次为3.221、5.631、4.804和10.857℃。有效积温依次为71.556、52.760、52.537和45.562日度。供试温度中24.52℃对蚜虫最有利。在此温度下r_m、b、λ的值最大,而d则最小。孤雌蚜4个龄期,在24.52℃,完成1个龄期2天左右,若虫期共8.98天。孤雌蚜的繁殖能力极强,条件适宜时,1头雌蚜一生可产21.125头若蚜。而1头雌性蚜只能产9.35粒卵。性蚜的产生由光周期控制,临界光周期约为13h。

The temperature is an important factor affecting on the population dynamics of asparagus aphid Brachycorynella asparagi Mordvolki. The development zeros and effective accumulated temperatures of 1st -4th instar nymphs of virginogenia are 3. 221, 5. 631, 4.804 and 10. 857℃, and 71. 556, 52. 760, 52. 537 and 45. 562 day-degree, respectively. In this study, 24. 52℃ was most advantageous to this aphid, expressed the maximum rm, b and A, and minimum d values. Under this temperature, the duration of nymphal stage was 8. 98 days with about 2 days/instar. The virginogenia possessed high fecundity, capable to produce 21. 125 nymphs/virginogenia under appropriate condition, while only 9.35 eggs produced by one sexual female. The occurrence of sexuales depends on the photoperiod, the critical photoperiod is 13:11 h (light:dark).