叶幕PAR光能截留和分配对葡萄群体光合同化物源库关系的调控

REGULATING EFFECTS OF CANOPY LIGHT(PAR)INTERCEPTION AND DISTRIBUTION ON PHOTOSYNTHATE “SINK-SOURCE” RELSTION IN GRAPEVINE POPULATION WITH DIFFERENT CANOPY STRUCTURES

田间自然条件下在葡萄园群体水平上多年的研究证明：叶幕ＰＡＲ光能截留率与葡萄群体净光合速率、叶幕和单叶ＰＡＲ光能截留率与果实干物质总量占地上部生物量干重的百分比、与果实总糖产量占果实本身干物质总量的百分比、以及与果皮色素产量占果实本身干物质总量的千分比之间呈现显著或极显著的线性正相关关系。说明利用叶幕结构变异调节叶幕ＰＡＲ光能截留和分配，可以对光合同化物源库关系和果实中物质代谢方向进行有效的调控。ＰＡＲ光能截留率较高和分配合理的叶幕，不但通过较高的群体光合速率为产量和品质形成提供了丰富的同化物“源”，而且通过调节器官间“库”关系使同化物以较高的比例流向果实。

The experiment was carried out with two grape varieties,‘Kyoho’(Vitis vinifera ×V. labrusca)and ‘Early Agatc’(V. vinifera),and with five di- fferent canopy structures through which a series of different canopy PAR intercention and distribution types were establishe, in vineyards of Beijing area(North China)during 1988-1992.The results showed that there existed significant or very significant positive linear correlations between canopy PAR interception and net photosynthetic rate,between canopy PAR interception rate(PFRL) [and single leaf(PFRI)] and the percentages of total fruit dry weight in aerial biomass dry weight, between PFRL(and PFRI)and the contents of total berry sugar in fruit, and between PFRL(and PFRI)and the millesmal values of total anthocyanin production in the sink to total fruit dry weight.It suggested that varying canopy PAR interception and distribu- tion through management of canopy structure of vineyards could regulate efficiently photosynthate “sink-source”relation of vines and metabolic dire- ction in grape berry.The canopy having a high PAR interception and a good PAR distribution in the canopy could not only supply grapevine with afull photoassimilate “source”to satisfy the needs for grape yield and quality,but also permit a higher partitioning coefficient of photoassimilate to fruitsby regulating the “sink” relations between organs,and be favourable for thebiochemical comosition of berry quality in metablism of fruit.