中国北方（黑龙江省）引种西洋参气候适宜性的研究

CLIMATE SUITABILITY OF AMERICAN CINSENG INTRODUCED IN NORTHERN CHINA

本文采用主成分分析方法（ＰＣＡ）研究了中国北方（黑龙江省）引种西洋参的分布与气候生态因子的关系。以黑龙江省１４个引种西洋参生产基地的１２项气候和地理指标为变量，组成１４×１２原始数据矩阵．采用ＰＣＡ方法进行分类和排序．其结果：黑龙江省引种西洋参的气候分布格局里聚集分布状况，明显的集合成二个集团（即划分为二个类型）；影响引种西洋参分布主导气候因子是水热条件，以及二者的组合状态；黑龙江省引种栽培西洋参适宜气候条件是干燥度１，年降雨量＞４６０ｍｍ、温暖指数＞５８℃或≥１０℃积温＞２３００℃。

The aim of the article is to study the relation between the climate factors andthe distriubution of Ginseng (Panax QuinquefOlius Linn.) that was introduced inNorthern China. The method of the aim is principle component analysis (PCA).The variables are 12 climate and geographic values which come from 14 areasintroduced the Ginseng in Heilongiiang Province. They can be made up primarydata matrix of 14 ×12 so .that classification and ordination can be done by PCA.The result shows that the distribution pattern of the Ginseng in the Province is anassemble situation which has 2 kinds of groups; that main ecological factors whichaffect the Pattern are thermal and hydraulic condition and its constitution; that theadequaCy climate value scope for introducing the Ginseng in the Province is aridgradient< 1; annual Precipitation>460mm; warm index>58℃ or 2300℃accumulation temperature < 10℃.