东北地区野豌豆属VICIAL．物种生物学研究Ⅶ．歪头菜及其近缘种核型分析

BIOSYSTEMATICAL STUCIES ON VICIA L. IN NORTHEAST CHINA Ⅶ KARYOTYPE ANALYSIS ON V.UNIJUCA AND ITS ALLIED SPECIES

本文报道了歪头菜Ｖ．ｕｎｉｊｕｇａＡ．Ｂｒ．及其近缘种Ｖ．ｂｉｆｏｌｉａＮａｋａｉ的核型。歪头菜Ｖ．ｕｎｉｊｕｇａＡ．Ｂｒ．Ｚｎ＝２４＝８ｍ（４ＳＡＴ）＋１２ｓｍ＋４ｓｔ和２ｎ＝１２＝２ｍ（２ＳＡＴ）＋８ｓｍ＋２ｓｔ．ＲｂｉｆｏｌｉａＮａｂａｉ；２ｎ＝１２＝４ｍ（２ＳＡＴ）＋６ｓｍ＋２ｓｔ．核型分析表明四倍体细胞型是一个同源多倍体。二倍体四倍体细胞型分布式样表明二倍体细胞型占据着较为偏北的区域。根据核型一致性，我们认为将Ｖ．ｂｉｆｏｌｉａ仍处理为歪头菜的变种ｖａｒ．ｂｒａｃｔｅａｔａ更为合适。

In the present paper,karyotype of Vicia unijua and its allied species (V. bifolia)tvers analysed.The results are showed as follow. Karyotype formula of V. unijuga are 2n=24=8m(4SAT)+ 12sm+4st and 2n= 12=2m (2S AT)+ 8sm+ 2st; one of V.bopia is 2n= 12 =4m(2SAT) + 6sm+ 2st.Karyotype features shoxved tetraploid Cytotype were autopolypliod. Pattern of geographical distribution of cytotypes indicated that diploid cytDtype occured in more northern area than tetraploid ones.According to karyotype, we suggested that it be approprite that V. bifolia be treated as V. unijuga var. bracteata.