四种中药柴胡植物的核型分析

Karyotpe analysis of four taxa of Bupleurum used in Chinese drugs

报道了４种中药柴胡植物的染色体核型，其核型如下：北柴胡（ＢｕｐｌｅｕｒｕｍｃｈｉｎｅｎｓｅＤＣ．）２ｎ＝１２＝６ｍ＋４ｓｍ＋２ｓｔ，核型类型为２Ａ型；红柴胡（Ｂ．ｓｃｏｒｚｏｎｅｉｆｏｌｉｕｍＷｉｌｌｄ．）２ｎ＝１２＝１０ｍ＋２ｓｍ，２Ａ型；线叶柴胡（Ｂ．ａｎｇｕｓｔｉｓｓｉｍｕｍ（Ｆｒ．）Ｋｉｔａｇａｗａ）２ｎ＝１２＝４ｍ＋２ｍ￣（ｓａｔ）＋６ｓｍ，２Ａ型；双鸭山居群（Ｂ．ｓｐ．）２ｎ＝２６，为二型性核型。北柴胡（二倍体）和线叶柴胡的核型为首次报道。结合有关文献对４种柴胡的核型变异进行了简略的讨论，发现黑龙江双鸭山１个居群的核型与姜传明等报道的肇东五里木居群一样，具有与日本三岛柴胡（Ｂ．ｆａｌｃａｔｕｍＬ．）相类似的核型，由于分类命名的复杂性，暂称为双鸭山居群。

The pressent paper deals with the karyotype analysis of 4 taxa of Bupleurum used in Chinese drugs,The karyotype formulae are as follows : B. chinense DC. 2n = 1 2 = 6m+4sm+2st with karyotypic type 2A;B. scorzonerifolium Willd. 2n = 12 = 10m+2sm with type 2A; B.angustissimum (Fr.)Kitagawa 2n=12= 4m+2m￣(sat)+6sm with type 2A; B. sp.(Heilong-Jiang Shuangyashan population ) 2n = 26 with bimodal karyotype.The karyotypes of B.chinense and B. angustissimum are reported for the first time.Compared with the previous literatures the karyotype variations in different populations of the 4 tuxa are discuSsed and it is found that the karyQtype of Shuangyashan population is similar to that of Wulimu population from Heilongjiang reported by Jiang Chuan-Ming et al. and B. falcatum L. from Japan reported by S. Ohta,so there might be a taxon shared by N E China and Japan. Owing to the remarkable differences of external morphology and karyotypes between European and Asian populations of B.falcatum,it may be suggested that the shared taxon ought to have a new and reasonable Latin name.