建筑工地事故的经济损失与最有效的安全投资（香港经验）

COST OF CONSTRUCTION SITE ACCIDENTSAND OPTIMAL SAFETY INVESTMENT(Hong Kong Experience)

本文论述了对因建筑工地发生的事故而导致承包商的经济损失的一个调查情况。作者对１８个建筑工地发生的６１８起事故进行了调查，每一个建筑工地，其安全状况指标是用总的等量损失工作日除以总的所需工作日来评价。通过这１８个例证，可以得到建筑工地事故损失与安全状况指标两者之间的关系。类似的，可以获得安全投资与安全状况指标两者的关系、从这两条曲线中。承包商可以决定对建筑工地的最适宜的安全投资。建筑项目的最小安全投资为建筑总投资的０．５５％。这时，在最适宜点之处安全投资要比总的事故损失大得多。

This paper describes a survey of the losses or costs that contractors have to incur due tothe occurrence of construction site accidents. Altogether 618 accidents from 18 constructionsites were investigated. On each site,a safety performance index (SPI)was calculated by dividing the total equivalent day loss by the total mandays required of the project. Using the results of the 18 projects,a relationship between the site accident costs and the SPI was obtained. Similarly,a relationship between the safety investment and the SPI was also found.From these two curves,the optimal safety investment on a construction site by a contractorcould be determined. It was found that the minimum safety in.vestment on a constructionproject is 0. 55% of the contract sum and that the safety investment is considerably greaterthan the total accident losses at the optimal point.