川北洞穴中华白蛉生态学及其与防治关系的研究

STUDIES ON THE BIONOMICS OF PHLEBOTOMUS CHINENSIS IN MOUNTAIN CAVE AND ITS RELATION TO CONTROL IN NORTHERN SICHUAN 

山洞为当地中华白蛉产卵、孳生的良好场所。在白蛉高峰时，试用奋斗呐（５０ｍｇ／ｍ２）对洞内墙面作滞留喷洒，结果能大量杀死洞内白蛉，自然感染前鞭毛体的白蛉也未再出现，并能保持两个白蛉季节无白蛉的良好效果。如能对近村寨周围的山洞，采用这种灭蛉方法，并结合村内家犬药浴措施，将对降低村内蛉口密度和预防内脏利什曼病起到一定的效果。

After a survey of the gonotrophic cycle of 5 147 female Phlebotomus chinensis collected from the caves in the mountain area 1 500 m above sea level in Nanping County, Sichuan Province where this sandfly was proved to be the typical predominant wild species living mostly in the wild cave at a very high density, a large cave was sprayed with alphamethrin at a dosage of 50 mg/m 2 in July, 1993. As a result, the sandfly density dropped to zero spanning over a period of two peak seasons. The authors consider that the residual effect of alphamethrin is long enough to suppress sandfly density in the cave for at least two years, and stress that the spray is a favourable measure in all the year round in reducing the sandfly population density and preventing visceral leishmaniasis.