喹诺酮类抗菌药物的体外抗菌活性测定和分析

In vitro antimicrobial activity and analysis of the quinolones

测定１９９１年９月至１９９３年９月收集到的８９２株临床分离菌株对诺氟沙星、依诺沙星、氧氟沙星、洛美沙星及环丙沙星的敏感性，将结果进行归纳总结，并用部分菌株作体外抗菌活性测定。结果在８９２株菌中，对５种喳诺酮类药物敏感６７５株，耐药２１７株，耐药率为２４．３％。耐１种药者１６。９％，耐２种药者４．７％，耐３种药者２．２％，耐４种药者０．４％。对５种喹诺酮类药物的耐药率分别为：诺氟沙星２９．９％、依诺沙星１９．２％、氧氟沙星２０．１％、洛美沙星３８．１％、环丙沙星１４．４％。耐药率１９９１年为１３．４％、１９９２年２４．０％、１９９３年３２．１％。体外抗菌活性结果表明：５种喹诺酮类药物的ＭＩＣ５０分别为０，２５、０．９３、０．１２５、０．４３、０．０６ｍｇ／Ｌ。综上可知：喹诺酮类抗菌药物对临床分离菌株具有很好的体外抗菌活性，但耐药菌株也广泛存在，且呈逐年上升趋势。对洛美沙星的耐药率最后，对环丙沙星的耐药率最低。

The susceptibility test and analysis of the quinolones against the clinicalisolates from our laboratory in 1991.9～1993.9 were studied.There were 217 resistantisolates among the 892 isolates. The resistant rate was 24.3%.The resistant rates tonorfloxacin, enoxacin,ofloxacin,Iomefloxacin and ciurofloxacin were 29.9%,19.2%,20.1%,38.1%and 14.4%,respectively. Multiple resistant isolates were found. Theisolates resistant to one and multiple resistant to two,three and four of the quinolones were:16.9%,4.7%,2.2%and0.4%respectively.In 1991,the resistant rate was 13.4%;1992,24.0%;1993,32.1%,MIC50/MIC90 of the five quinolones were 0.25/1.9,0.93/10.4,0.125/2.3,0.43/40. 27,0. 06/4.5mg/L respectively.From this results, the quinolones are suscep-table to the clinical isolates, but resistant bacteria exist prevalently and the resistant rate isrising.