长沙、哈尔滨、镇江三地区吸烟流行学调查

An Epidemiological Survey on Smoking in Changsha , Harhin and Zbenjiang Areas,

本文报告了湖南长沙、哈尔滨、江苏镇江三地区的一般人群的吸烟率，调查对象为１５岁及１５岁以上人群，共１４，０２４人，其中女６，９４９人（４９．６％），男７，０７５人（５０．４％），职业以工人、农民为主。结果：总吸烟率为４０．７％，男性吸烟率为６９．７％，女性吸烟率为１１．２％；吸烟者平均每日吸烟量为９．７９支（标准差８．４２），男性１０．３１支，女性６．３０支；开始吸烟的平均年龄为２１．１０岁，成瘾的平均年龄２４．４７岁；社会心理因素是吸烟的主要原因；在曾有戒烟史的人群中，仅有６．１％戒除成功；单因素和多因素回归分析表明，男性、饮酒者、体力劳动者、文化程度偏低者、低收入者、少数民族、服用镇痛剂者、婚姻不稳定者吸烟的危险度较大。结合上述结果，本文还讨论了影响吸烟的相关因素，提出了控制吸烟的策略。

This study presents estimates of smoking rates of general population in Changsha,Harbin andZhenjiang cities,and adjacent rural areas. Data were gathered on 14 ,024 respondents aged 15 years and over,6,949(49. 6%)were females and 7,075(50.4%)males , most are workers and farmers. The results showthat smoking rate is 40.7%, in which male smoking rate is 69.7%and female smoking rate is 11.2%,Theaverage amount of daily smoking is 9.79 cigarettes(male 10.31 , female 6.30).The mean of initial smokingage is 24.47 ,and mean of addicted age to cigarette is 24. 47 year old. Psychosocial factors are main reasonsfor smoking, For those who had stopping smoking experiences ,the abstinent rate is only 6.1%;It wasfound that individuals who are males,drinkers ,labors,the minorithy people ,divorcees,have low educationlevels, low incomes,and experiences of using analgesics are likely to smoke. Based the outcomes above,theauthors discussed the relevant factors of smoking and proposed a strategy for reducing smoking rate in China.