苎麻脱胶菌种的特性研究

Study on Characters of Bacteria for Ramie Degumming

本文对苎麻脱胶菌种的分布、生长、营养和脱胶特性进行了研究。结果表明，苎麻脱胶菌广泛分布于７省２８县（市）的１０类苗样中，从５００多株脱胶菌中筛选出一株高效脱胶菌（编号为Ｔ８５—２６０），它可在８小时内完成苎麻脱胶；Ｔ８５—２６０的生长速度快，接种后１０小时的活菌数即达顶峰；对苎麻胶质中较难被碱溶解出的甘露糖、半乳糖和葡萄糖的发酵速度快，因而在脱胶过程中定向破坏苎麻胶质主体结构，使之易于用稀碱除去，表现出生物脱胶的高效性。

Distribution, growing, nutrition and degumming characters of ramie degumming bacteria were researched in this paper. It is shown that ramie degumming becteria are distributed widely in 10 kinds of bacteria sample form 28 counties of seven provinces. One of high efficient bacteria (No T85-260) is selected from more than 500 strains. It can finish ramie degumming im 8 hours. T85-260 grows fast, its quantity is reached a peak ralue at 10 hours after inoculating. Some compositions, such as seminose, glunose. Semi - galactose in ramie gum, uhich are discomposited diffectly by NaOH, are femented fast by T85-260. Therefore, a main construction of ramie gum is blasted directionally, so that the specks are easily remored by watery alkali. This is the high efficiency of biological degumming.