食管癌病因中遗传因素作用的流行病学评价

AN EPIDEMIOLOGICAL EVALUATION ONTHEROLE OF HEREDITARY FACTOR ON THECAUSE OF ESOPHAGEAL CANCER

本文通过对２４９例食管癌病例家族史的调查和病例对照研究，认为食管癌为多基因遗传病，其加权平均遗传度为３２．２０％，病例一，二级血缘亲属患癌的ＳＭＲ值均大于１，且随着血缘关系越接近，其ＳＭＲ值越大，并有统计学显著意义。而对照ＳＭＲ值均显著低于病例相应各级亲属的ＳＭＲ，其值的大小与血缘关系远近无关，说明了遗传因素在食管癌发生中有相当的病因学作用，其一级血缘亲属的归因风险（ＡＲ）可达１２１．３９／１０万。

he investigation of the family history of 249 caseswith esophageal cancer and case-control study were car-ried out.The result suggested that esophageal cancer is apolygenic hereditary disease.The weighted mean heritabili-ty was 3 20%,SMR of the patients whose primary or sec-ondary blood relatives suffered with cancer were above 1·The nearer the blood relationship was the larger was theSMR. It was significant statistically. The SMR values ofthe relevant relatives in the controls were all significantlylower than those in the patients, and had no relationshipwith the consanguinity. It was suggested that the heredi-tary factor was important in the occurrence of esophagealcancer.The attributive risk of primary blood relative of thepatients was 121. 39/100,000.