老年性痴呆病人照料者的负担及其影响因素研究

Feeling of burden, psychological well being, and associated factors in caregivers demented elderly

作者采用容忍度量表和照料者负担量表等工具调查老年痴呆照料者与非痴呆老人照料者各１１０名。结果显示：被照料者以女性（６８％）丧偶者（６０％）居多，文盲占半数（４９．１０％），多与照料者同住。而照料者多为女性（５７．３％），中年（５２．７％）和在婚者多（８６．４％），照料者群体中，子女和婿媳是老年人主要照料者（５６．４％）。在照料过程中，照料者生活诸方面受到影响，与非痴呆组老人照料者间有明显差异（Ｐ＜０．０００１）。且照料者负担与被照料者的性别及痴呆程度有关（Ｐ＜０．０００１）。女性照料者的负担明显高于男性（Ｐ＜０．０００１），且与直接照料时间成正比。作者指出，社会关心痴呆病人的同时也应关心其照料者，应将医疗机构照顾、社区服务及家庭护理结合起来。

Using Zarit Tolerance Scale,Montgory Family Burden Seale, HAMA, HAMD and other seales, the authors investigated 110 caregivers of dementia patients and 110 cargeivers for non dementia elderly. for non dementia elderly. The results showed that,in dementia group,68%of carereceivers were female, 60%were widows and half of them were illiterate (49%).Mostof the caregivers were female(57.3%) ,middle aged (52.7%)and married (86.4 56.4%of the caregivers were patients’sons, daughters, daughters-in-law, or sons-in law. The caregivers felt great inconvenience in their daily life and exhausted when they finished day’s commitments. They aiso complained that there was no time belong tothemselves. The burden Of caregivers of demented elderly was related to the gender of patients and the severity ofdementia The burden of the male dementia’s caregivers was much heavier than that of caregivers of female patients,andthe longer the time that caregivers had cared,the heavier burden they had。