青少年暴力犯罪的心理社会因素综合分析

A compreheasive analysis on psychosocial factors of youngsters violent criminal offence

按照１：１配比研究设计，对９６名暴力型犯罪的青少年和其对照者进行了艾森克个性问卷（ＥＰＱ）、Ａ型行为问卷和个人、家庭情况的调查。结果表明：犯罪组青少年个性中Ｎ、Ｐ维因素分值显著高于正常对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１）；行为特征中ＣＨ（无端敌意）和ＴＨ（时间紧迫感）两因子两组有明显差异（Ｐ＜０．００１）；罪犯个体具有文化低、不良的习惯和行为、家庭不完整、养育方式不当等特点（Ｐ＜０．０１）．通过条件Ｌｏｇｉｓｔｉｃ回归分析，吸烟、父母不完整、Ａ型行为是造成青少年暴力犯罪的危险因素，而受过法制教育、父亲文化程度高为保护性因素。提示及早发现并矫治不健全个性和不良行为，完善家庭、学校教育职能对预防青少年犯罪有重大意义。

According to 1:1 matched case-control study design Eysenck personality questionnaire(EPQ),type A behavior questionair(TABQ)and the general conditions of personal and family were investigated for 96 youngsters of having violent criminal offence (called criminal groups)and their controls.The results showed that the N and P fraction value of EPQ for criminal groups were significantly higher than that of controls(P<0.01).The significant differences of CH(competition or hostility)and TH(time hung) counts of TABQ were existed between the two groups(P<0.001).The low education level,harmful habits andbehaviors,imperfect family,improper ways of trains and educations were the characteristics of criminalindividual(P<0.01).The conditional logistic regression analysis showed that cigarette smoking,lose father or/and mother,type A behavior were the risk factors of leading to criminal offence of youngsters.High eduction level of father,having learned legal system were the protective factors.This study suggested that finding and correcting the harmful personality and behaviors as early as,perfecting the educational function of family and schools will be important to the prevention of youngsters criminal offence.