遥感图像屏幕判读识别法在贵州岩溶山区土地调查中的应用

APPLICATION OF SCREEN MANUAL INTERPRETATION TECHNIQUE IN THE LAND USE INVESTIOATION OF GUIZHOU KARST AREA

随着计算机与遥感技术的不断发展，监督分类在我国资源、环境等各个领域中得到了广泛的应用。尤其在土地调查、遥感估产等方面，我国北方平原、高原地区已取得了显著的成效。但是，在岩溶发育强烈的贵州山区，由于其独特的地形、地物条件（地形切割深，地块破碎而阴影多，地物种类繁杂且分布零乱等），给训练区处理及正确分类造成很大困难。采用屏幕判读识别法不仅可以提高训练样品输入的精度和纯度、减少野外工作时间，而且可以弥补野外所选训练场地分布不均、地类不全和数量不够等缺点．从而提高了分类精度。另外利用屏幕判读识别还可修正计算机监督分类的错分、漏分现象并及时发现一些有特殊意义的环境问题。因此，屏幕判读识别法在岩溶区土地、环境调查中具有重要意义。

The purpose of this paper is to introduce some new methods and techniques of supervi-sion classification used for the land-use investigation in the karst mountain areas of SouthChina. By using several new techniques such as screen manual interpretation,expert classifica-tion system supported by geographic information system,etc,the training data of land-usetypes are processed and purified,the accuracy of the classification can be increased,and theunclassified and misclassifed pixels in the result of classification,which are affected by thespecific landscape and complex distribution of land-usd types,are distinguished and modified.In addition,some important environmental problems,such as water pollution ,soil and watererosion,etc,are found out and reported to the local government.