喀斯特流域水文地貌造峰效应分析

EFFECT ANALYSIS OF HYDROGEOMORPHOLOGIC MAKING FLOOD PEAK IN KARST DRAINAGE BASIN

本文首先通过对喀斯特流域性质的分析，提出了流域水量不平衡系数的概念；然后对喀斯特流域不同的时空尺度和地貌类型在空间配置差异所引起的洪峰效应进行了探讨分析，认为喀斯特流域水文模型的建立应充分考虑流域不同水文地貌单元的结构特征。

This paper classifies karst drainage basins as four types, and puts forward a new con-cept and calculation method of non-balance coefficient.It is proved that the sum of runoff co-efficient(α),evaporation coefficient(β)and non-balance coefficient(γ)equals unity in karstcatchment.The author holds that the formation of flood peak is related to hydrogeomor-phologic structure and time-space scale of karst drainage basin,for example,the flood peakdischarge usually increases with increase of area in non-karst catchment, but it may decreasewith increase of area in karst catchment.In addition,the area of making flood peak may besituated in the middle or the lower reach in karst catchment,so we should fully think over thestructural types of hydrogeomorphology in establishing hydrologic model in karst drainagebasin.