3种麻醉性镇痛药的辨别效应

The Discrimination effect of there opiate analgesics

药物辨别实验方法是一种研究药物辨别性质的行为药理学方法。目前已广泛应用于中枢作用药物的精神依赖性评价中。本实验通过３种阿片类镇痛药－－－吗啡、盐酸二氢埃托啡（ＤＨＥ）和羟甲芬太尼（ＯＭＦ）在大鼠身上的辨别行为效应，对它们的精神依赖性潜力进行比较。结果表明：在相同的情形下，３药进行替代试验，吗啡的半数辨别效应剂量（ＤＤ５０）为１．２４ｍｇ·ｋｇ－１．ＤＨＥ和ＯＭＦ的ＤＤ５０分别为０．１６、０．９１μ·ｋｇ－１，两药在大鼠辨别实验中的效价分别约为吗啡的７７５０和１３６０倍。这提示ＤＨＥ在临床应用中可能有很强的请神依赖性潜力，应引起广大医务工作者的注意。

Drug discrimination is a behavior pharmacological method to evaluatethe potention of psychic dependence of centrally active drugs.The present work studied the discrimination effect of three opiate analgesics:morphine, dihydroetorphine bydrochloride (DHE) and ohmefentanyl (OMF) in rats.Three drugs had the dosedependent discrimination effect in rats,whose discrimination behavior gained at 5.0mg·kg-1 morphine training dose.The DD50of morphine.DHE and OMF were1.24 mg·kg-1,0.16 and 0.91 Pg·kg-1.respectively. The related drug discrimination potencies of DHE and OMF were 7750. 1360times that of morphine.respectively. Theresults suggest that DHE may have muchstronger potention of psychic dependencethan that of morphine in clinical use.