血小板在大鼠过敏性休克中的作用

Role of platelets in anaphylactic shock in rats

用抗血小板血清耗竭致敏大鼠血小板后可明显抑制卵白蛋白诱发的过敏性休克。接受致敏大鼠血小板输注后的非致敏大鼠可在卵白蛋白攻击后产生明显的血压下降，血小板的输注量与血压下降程度呈正比，在体外，卵白蛋白可诱发致敏大鼠血小板产生化学发光，但无明显的５－羟色胺释放；反之，经典的血小板活化剂凝血酶。血小板活化因子或二磷酸腺苷在引起致敏大鼠血小板释放５－羟色胺的同时不产生明显的化学发光。电镜观察发现，在抗原攻击下只有致敏大鼠血小板能发生活化改变。这一现象有力证明血小板在速发型变态反应中的作用是通过抗原特异性机制所介导。阿魏酸钠不仅可抑制抗原诱发的过敏性休克。而且能抑制抗原诱发的血小板活化，提示其抗变态反应作用与其抑制血小板功能密切相关．

Platelet depletion before ovalbumin chal-lenge can abrogate the lethal effect and the drop of blood pres-sure in rats. Ovalbumin administration to rats inJccted withwashed platelets from actively sensitized rats induces a significant blood pressure drop. The significant increase ofchemiluminescence peak value can bc obtained withovalbumin only in the case of platelets from sensitized rats.The activation of sensitized platelets after antigen challenge isnot associated with liberation of serotonin. which is releasedby the same platelets in the presence of thrombin, platelet-ac-tivating factor and adenosine diphosphate. The plateletmorphologic changes induced by antigen implicate the role ofplatelets in anaphylactic shock being mediated by an antigenspeciflc mechanism. Sodium ferulate may inhibitovalbumininduced platelet activation as well as anaphylacticshock.