洲滩型流行区人群血吸虫再感染和新感染规律研究

Studies on infection regularity of schistosomiasis in islet endemic area

目的了解洲滩型流行区人群血吸虫再感染和新感染情况,制订有效的防治措施。方法选择洲滩型血吸虫病重度流行区铜陵县光辉村作为研究现场,于感染季节前对6岁以上人群,分别采用Kato-Katz法进行粪便检查和IHA进行血清免疫学检查,两者之一阳性者均进行治疗,以粪检阳性者作为再感染观察对象,粪检阴性者作为新感染观察对象。于感染季节后对上述人群再次采用Kato-Katz法进行粪便检查,观察人群血吸虫再感染和新感染情况。结果经过1年观察,试区人群再感染率为11.96%,新感染率为8.3%。不同性别间人群再感染率和新感染率无明显差异、不同职业间以农民较高,不同年龄组以15岁以下和40～49岁年龄组再感染率较高,新感染率以50岁以上人群较高,无论是再感染还是新感染不同村民组间均存在一定差异。结论洲滩型地区人群血吸虫再感染和新感染仍相当严重,是影响当前血吸虫病防治效果的重要因素。

Objective To understand the regularity of reinfection and new infection of schistosomiasis in islet endemic area, and provide basis for making out control measures. Methods One heavy endemic village, Guanghui village , was selected for the field study in Tongling County. The inhabitants over 6 years old were examined by the method of Kato-Katz and IHA before infection season, and the positive by the two methods were treated with P.Q.T. The positive examined by Kato-Katz were taken for the observation of reinfection, and the negative were taken for the observation of new infection. The reinfection and new infection of the inhabitants were observed with the method of Kato-Katz after infection season. Results After one year's observation, the reinfection rate was 11.96 % and the new infection rate was 8.3%. There was no significant difference on reinfection rate and new infection rate between gender groups. The infection rate of the farmer was higher than that of other occupation people. The reinfection rate was rather higher for the people below 15 years old and the age group from 40 to 49 years old. The new infection rate was higher for the people over 50 years old. There were some differences on reinfection and new infection in the different natural villages. Conclusion The reinfection and new infection were still very severe for the inhabitant in islet endemic area, and it was an important factor to influence the effect of schistosomasis control.