空中战勤人员心理健康影响因素的路径分析

Pathway analysis on the influential factors of mental health for flying personnel

目的 调查分析空中战勤人员的心理健康状况及其影响因素,为其临床研究、心理咨询及健康教育提供支持. 方法 采用症状自评量表(symptom check list 90,SCL-90)、卡特尔16种人格因素问卷(Cattell's 16 personality factor questionnaire,16PF)、特质应对方式问卷(trait coping styles questionnaire,TCSQ)、领悟社会支持量表(perceived social support scale,PSSS)对170名空中战勤人员进行评定.统计学处理采用t检验、Spearman相关分析和AMOS路径回归分析. 结果 空中战勤人员SCL-90的躯体化、人际关系敏感、恐怖、偏执、精神病性因子得分低于军人常模,差异有统计学意义(t=2.306～4.093,P＜0.05或P＜0.01),SCL-90总分与军人常模无统计学差异;空中战勤人员SCL-90总分与16PF适应与焦虑型、内向与外向型、感情与安详型存在显著相关(r=-0.590～0.748,P＜0.01),与TCSQ积极应对、消极应对存在显著相关(r=-0.428、0.582,P＜0.01),与PSSS总分存在显著相关(r=-0.335,P＜0.01).路径分析显示,影响空中战勤人员心理健康的因素中适应与焦虑型最大(β=0.757,P＜0.01),其次是社会支持(β=-0.420,P＜0.01).结论 空中战勤人员心理健康状况良好并受到个性特征、应对方式、社会支持的影响.

Objective To analyze the characteristics of mental health of Air Force flying personnel and their influential factors in order to provide supportive data to psychological counseling,psychotherapy and health education. Methods One hundred and seventy Air Force flying personnel were evaluated by symptom check list 90 (SCL-90), Cattell's 16 personality factory questionnaire (16PF), trait coping styles questionnaire (TCSQ) and perceived social support scale (PSSS). Such analyses as t-test, Spearman correlation and AMOS pathway regression were implemented. Results Somatization, interpersonal sensitivity, phobic anxiety, paranoid ideation and psychoticism that evaluated by SCL-90 of Air Force personnel had significant difference from the norm of Chinese military personnel (t=2.306-4. 093, P＜0.05 or P＜0.01), but the total score of SCL-90. The total score of SCL-90 were significantly correlated with the factors such adaptation and anxiety, introvert and extrovert, sensitiveness and quietness that picked from 16PF (r=-0. 590-0. 748, P＜0.01),with positive coping (r=-0. 428, P＜0.01) and negative coping (r=0. 582, P＜0.01) that got by TCSQ, and with the total score of PSSS (r= -0. 335, P＜0.01). The results of AMOS pathway analysis revealed that the adaptation and anxiety would influence most to the mental healthy of flying personnel (β=0. 757, P＜0.01) and then the social support (β=-0. 420,P＜0.01). Conclusions The mental health of Air Force flying personnel is favorable and influenced by personality, trait coping styles and social support.