术前综合干预对全膝关节置换术后疗效的影响

Effect of preoperative comprehensive interference for total knee arthroplasty patients

目的 探讨全膝关节置换术前综合干预对术后治疗效果的影响.方法 选择在本院择期行全膝关节置换手术的患者80例,用抽签法随机分为试验组和对照组各40例.试验组术前接受心理干预、排尿功能及肢体功能恢复指导,对照组术前只接受一般指导,两组术后的恢复训练程序完全一致.两组病例在性别、年龄、病情、各脏器机能方面差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05),比较术后心理状态、第一次排尿情况及术后第1、3个月末临床恢复效果评价.结果 试验组术后心理状态明显优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);患者第1次能自行排尿的情况明显优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01);试验组第4周末恢复训练计划完成量多于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);术后第1、3个月时,试验组的置换膝关节功能评分均显著高于对照组,两组间差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 术前综合干预可提高术后肢体早期功能训练的效率,减少术后并发症,早日恢复肢体功能.

Objective To study the methods and effects of preoperative rehabilitation education and practice for total knee arthroplasty patients. Methods Eighty patients underwent total knee joint replacement or femoral head replacement were randomly divided into the experiment group and the control group. Urination exercise and rehabilitation education and practice was performed before operation in experiment group. The control group had none of the education and exercise. Harris score was used to evaluatethe knee joint functions of the patients in two groups respectively in 1 month and 6 months after operation. Results The mentality before operation in the experiment group was significantly better than that in the control group ( P ＜ 0.05 ) , for the first urination in the experiment group was significantly better than that in the control group( P ＜0.01 ), the Harris score of the two group had significant difference by the end of 1 month and 3 month ( P ＜ 0. 05). Conclusions Comprehensive interference before operation can raise the efficacy of rehabilitation training and reduce complications after operation and so can make the patients recovery more quickly.