中华须鳗嗅觉器官形态学观察

OBSERVATION ON THE MORPHOLOGY OF THE OLFACTORY ORGAN OF THE EEL CIRRHIMURAENA CHINENSIS (ANGUILLIFORMES, OPHICHTHIDAE)

利用光学显微镜和扫描电镜观察了10尾不同体长中华须鳗嗅觉器官的结构。结果表明:中华须鳗嗅囊呈楔型;嗅囊膜和嗅囊腹面的透明膜共同围成嗅囊腔;嗅囊长径与眼径的平均比值为2.2倍;每侧嗅囊嗅板数变化范围在30～44之间;嗅板远轴端有一纤毛和嗅孔密集的舌状游离突;嗅板上皮纤毛密集,纤毛细胞表现为3种类型:纤毛感觉细胞、纤毛非感觉细胞和微绒毛感觉细胞;纤毛非感觉细胞和微绒毛细胞也出现在嗅囊壁。嗅板上大量的纤毛表明,中华须鳗嗅囊的水动力机制应属嗅板纤毛搅动型(isosmates)。除观察到嗅囊壁表面有两种类型的微嵴外,还首次在嗅板上观察到一种呈荸荠状的杆状细胞。

Observation on the structure of the olfactory organ of the eel Cirrhimuraena chinensis Kaup was made by the optic and scanning electronic microscope. 10 individuals were used in the research. The shape of the olfactory sac of the eel is cuneiform. The olfactory sac is composed of two membranes, the one of the ventral side being transparent, which together enclosed an inner chamber. The average ratio of the length of the olfactory sac to the eye diameter is 2.2. The number of lamellae in each side of the olfactory sac varies between 30 and 44. A linguiform process possessing dense cilia and pits is found at the distal axis of each lamella. Dense cilia are also on the surface of each lamellae. Three types of ciliated cells were observed： ciliated receptor cells, ciliated non-sensory cells and microvillous receptor cells; while the later two types are also present on the wall of the olfactory sac. The abundant cilia on the surface of lamellae suggests that the mechanism of water transport into the olfactory chamber may be a type of isosmates in which the stirring cilia transports water. New observations from this study include micro-ridges on the membrane of olfactory sac and chufalike cells on the lamellae.