后马克思主义的“主体”范畴诠释——论拉莫对马克思主义“主体”理论的批判

An Annotation for Post-Marxism of the "Subject" Category——On Laclau and Mouffe Deconstruct the Marxism of "Subject" Theory

后马克思主义运用"话语理论"解构了马克思主义的主体范畴:"工人阶级",并建构了分散的、多元决定的主体范畴;否定了马克思主义通过主体统一理论来确立工人阶级的先锋党领导权的合法性。据此,以拉莫为代表的后马克思主义试图建构霸权理论,即激进民主理论。实质上,后马克思主义建构的这种多元主体范畴只是"话语"模式的一种理论虚构,仅看作是对现实表象的一种描述。那么,激进民主理论试图通过统一激进民主理论来统一多元主体设想也只能是一种虚妄。

By using of' Discourse Theory',Post-Marxist deconstructs Marxism's subject of'working class',constructs the theory of subjective category of overdetermination and individual;denies by the unified theory of Marxism to establish the leadership's legitimacy of working class vanguard party and use it as a starting point to construct the theory of hegemony.In essence,the multi-subject that constrcted by Post-Marxism is only a theoretical fiction in the'Discourse' model,can only be counted as a theoretical attempt,instead of a realistic possibility.