可持续发展视野下的代际公平研究述评

Commentary of Inter-generation Fairness Researches: In a Sustainable Development View

作为可持续发展主要理论基石的代际公平理论,要求社会经济发展既要满足当代人的需要,也不能对后世代的发展构成威胁;它具有时间性和空间性、理论性与实践性、继承性与规范性等特征。西方学界主要从社会学、伦理学、经济学三大途径集中研究了代际公平的正当性、外部性、储蓄率及代际公平的帕累托改进等问题。代际权利与义务的界定,关怀主义消费观的提倡,代际外部性的消除与代际公平的实现,促进代际的可持续发展等已成为国内代际公平研究的焦点。

Inter-Generation fairness, as the basic theory of Sustainable Development, requires the social-economic development not only meeting the contemporary needs but also not threatening the next generation's development. It is characterized by temporality and spatiality, theory and practice, inheritance and criterion. Hesperian researchers focus mainly on the intergeneration's justice, externality, storage ratio and Pareto Improvement, by approaches of Sociology, Ethics and Economics. How to define the rights and obligations between generations, calls for a more thoughtful consumptive idea, so as to eliminate the inter-generation externality and prompt inter-generational fairness. These themes have become the hotspot of domestic researches.