聚氨酯弹性体耐酸碱性能的影响因素

Effect factors of acid and alkali resistance of polyurethane elastomer

讨论了软硬段结构和配合剂对聚氨酯弹性体耐酸碱腐蚀性能的影响,认为软段采用多官能度的聚烯烃结构,并引入卤素原子作侧链时,聚氨酯弹性体具有最佳的耐酸碱性能;硬段宜采用对称的芳香族异氰酸酯,以增加链段的刚性和结晶,并适量采用多官能度小分子醇类扩链剂,提高交联密度;在强酸强碱介质中,不宜使用配合剂。同时,综述了聚氨酯弹性体耐酸碱性能的研究进展。

Effects of chain section structure and accessory ingredients on acid and alkali resistance of polyurethane elastomer were discussed.It is considered that the polyurethane elastomer has the best resistance to acid and alkali with multifunctional polyolefin as soft segment and halogen atom as pendant group.And it is favorable that using symmetrical aromatic isocyanate as hard segment for stiffness and crystallinity increasing,and trihydric alcohol as chain extender for improving crosslink density.Also,it is not recommended that applying accessory ingredients to strong acid and strong alkali environment.In addition,research progresses in acid and alkali resistence of polyurethane elastomer were listed to prove the viewpoints of this article.