阿奎那的人性观及其政治思想

Aquina's Concept Of Human Nature and His political Idea

阿奎那认为人的本性在于人的理性。人性中的罪恶是人的理性违背上帝意愿的结果,社会和国家的产生是人性的必然产物。人的目的在于追求幸福,而最高的幸福在于灵魂的拯救,分享上帝的快乐。只有上帝而不是国家才能实现人的最高幸福。教会作为上帝的代表高于国家,教权高于王权。

Aquina thinks that the essence of human nature lies in its reason.The evil of human nature is when human's reason goes against God's will.The upcoming of community and country is the inevitable product of human nature.Human's aim is the pursuit of happiness,and the highest happiness lies in the soul of the rescue,sharing the joy of God.Only the God rather than the country can achieve the highest happiness.Church as the representative of the God is higher than the nation and the Church's right is higher than the monarchy's.