枣庄市区老年痴呆知晓率及流行病学调查

Survey on the awareness rate and prevalence of Alzheimer's disease in the urban area of Zaozhuang city

目的初步了解枣庄市区老年性痴呆的患病情况及知晓率状况。方法双阶段法:(1)筛查阶段:采用整群抽样办法,应用痴呆简易智能状况量表(MMSE)筛查枣庄市区五个街道60岁以上居民老年痴呆患者。(2)临床诊断和评估阶段:痴呆诊断根据美国精神病学会的精神障碍诊断和统计手册第4版(DSM-IV)或国际精神与行为障碍分类第10版(ICD一10),日常活动能力量表(ADL)评估对痴呆患者的生活能力。采用自行设计的老年性痴呆调查表进行调查分析,对结果应用PEMS软件进行χ2检验分析。结果按街道社区抽取1500例,AD患者77例,患病率5.13%。在对市区进行老年性痴呆知识调查中发现老年性痴呆的知晓率仅为6.46%。结论调查显示枣庄市区60岁以上老人老年性痴呆患病率为5.13%,其发生与年龄相关,年龄越大,患病率越高;而受教育程度越高,患病率越低;老年痴呆患者的日常生活能力低于其他正常老人;市区居民对老年性痴呆的知晓率非常低。

Objective To preliminarily assess the awareness rate and prevalence of Alzheimer's disease in the urban area of Zaozhuang city.Methods Two-stage method was used:① Screening stage:Screening the AD patients with the whole-sampling-method by mini-mental state examination (MMSE) among the residents over the age of 60 in five urban streets of Zaozhuang city.② Clinical diagnosis and assessment stage:The criteria of DSM-Ⅳ or ICD-10 was employed to diagnose AD and the activities of daily living rating scale (ADL) was used to assess the AD patients' activities of daily life.The self-designed AD questionnaire was applied to the survey.The results were analyzed with the Chi-Square test using the PEMS software.Results Total 77 in 1,500 people taken from the street communities suffered from AD and the prevalence was 5.13 percent.The awareness rate of Alzheimer's disease was just 6.46 percent in urban areas.Conclusion The survey showed that the prevalence of AD over the age of 60 elderly was 5.13 percent in the urban area of Zaozhuang city.And the prevalence of AD was related positively with age as well as negatively with the education level;The AD patients' activities of daily life were lower than the normal elderly;The awareness of AD was very poor in urban residents.