不当得利的识别与最密切联系原则的适用——以美国模式为考察对象

Characterization of Unjust Enrichment and Application of the Doctrine of the Most Significant Relations with a Focus on the United States' Mode

各国实体法上的不当得利差别很大,导致国际私法上的识别困难进而在冲突规范的适用上出现偏差。美国第二次《冲突法重述》"与不当得利返还之诉有最密切联系的法律"这种灵活开放的系属公式能彻底摆脱不当得利的识别困扰。但最密切联系原则会在一定程度上损害判决的前后一致性和可预见性。我国接受大陆法系立法例的影响,可以在考察美国模式的基础上,并结合大陆法系中其他法域的法律活动经验,设计出符合自身发展需要的涉外不当得利问题的冲突法适用规范。

Unjust enrichment rule in each country differs a lot,which may lead to different characterization and improper applicable law arising.U.S.Restatement(Second) Conflict of Laws stipulated most significant relationship principle which can get rid of law application dilemma when liabilities concur.This principle,however,may injure judicial decision consistency and foreseeability.On the basis of China's Legal System belonging to Civil Law families,we should design our conflicts of law involving unjust enrichment...