论魏晋玄学三派之价值趣向

On the Value Tendency of the Three Schools of Wei Jin Philosophy

竹林玄学、正始玄学、元康玄学为魏晋玄学之三派。在"汉文疲敝"的背景下,竹林玄学以礼义文化为非自然,故而倡言"越名教而任自然"。竹林玄学本质上是道家之学,他们对流于虚饰的文化批判在逻辑上成为新的文化建构的先导。从嵇康、阮籍的激烈态度至王弼、向郭的价值学说,其逻辑之演进有类于从先秦道家之"为道日损"再至儒家的道德重建。正始玄学"举本统末",其指归在于法"道"而行,趣于"同乎道"、"冥于神"之境。元康玄学"崇有"而倡"独化",其宗趣在于肯认人生之"自由"——自己由乎自己。王弼言"本无",可谓由体而发用;向郭倡"独化",则是由用而显体。虽然发论途径不同,体用不二之理趣则为共通。

Philosophy of Zhu Lin,philosophy of Zheng Shi and philosophy of Yuan Kang are the three schools of Wei Jin philosophy.With the formalization of the culture of Han,the philosophy of Wei Jin regarded it as unnatural things,and thought they should put away the etiquettes and customs of Han,and try to be natural again.The development of philosophy from Ji Kang and Ruan Ji to Wang Bi,Xiang Xiu and Guo Xiang is just like that from Taoism to Confucianism.The philosophy of Zheng Shi insisted that we should admire t...