佛法与皇权的象征——论唐代帝陵神道石柱

A Symbol of Buddhist Doctrine and Imperial Power——On the Stone Pillars at Tang Mausoleums

在唐代,士庶丧礼和皇帝丧礼之中均出现七七斋和地藏十王斋等佛道斋会和行香仪式,以儒家礼仪为主的国丧已经混入了佛教追荐仪式。保存至今的唐代帝陵神道两侧的石柱一改传统样式,采用摩尼宝珠柱的形式,将佛教蕴涵融入帝陵,在帝陵礼仪空间中见出佛法与皇权的结合。对唐陵石柱与佛教的具体关系,其形制来源,以及其在帝陵究竟产生何种意义等问题的探讨,有助于理解帝陵礼仪空间的文化蕴涵在唐代的演变。透过唐陵石柱,不仅看到当时佛教对皇权的辅翼功能,帝王在佛教盛行的社会环境中如何被神圣化,也可读出外来文化与本土文化叠加和交错中的皇室贵族与士民的复杂信仰。

During the Tang period,with the state funeral interfused by Buddhist praying rites,the surviving stone cinta-mani pillars on both sides of the spirit road of Tang imperial mausoleums,taking the shape of an octagonal post sustaining a cinta-mani,integrated Buddhist implication into the Confucian ritual space of the imperial mausoleum,and functioned as the image representing the combination of Buddhist doctrine and imperial power.This paper discusses the relationship between the stone cinta-mani pillars at Ta...