车种代用情况下的铁路空车调配研究

Study of Railway Empty Car Distribution with Substitution of Empty Car Types

阐述近年来铁路空车调配问题研究的状况,从多车种的空车调配模型出发,分析车种代用对该模型的影响,构建了车种代用情况下的多车种空车调配模型。该模型以效益最大化为目标函数,将车种代用纳入规划,实现车货种配装和车流优化的合理结合。最后,通过具体算例的实现以及模型特征的分析,证明了车种代用可以节约运输成本,缓解运能紧张,有助于优化铁路空车调配。

This paper makes a general investigation of current researches on the problem of railway empty car distribution. By introducing car types, the mathematical model for multi-type empty car distribution is described. This paper analyses the effect of substitution of empty car types on this model and constructsa mathematical model for multi-type empty car distribution with the substitution of empty car types. The new model takes the maximum benefit as objective. Through bringing the substitution of empty car types into optimization, it combines reasonably freight loading fit for car with car flow optimization. Finally, some detailed numeral examples are given and characteristics of the new model are expounded, which prove that the substitution of empty car types can save transport costs, relieve the pressure of transport capacity, and avail to optimize further empty car distribution.