正定县耕地土壤肥力状况及管理对策

Status of Soil Fertility of Cultivated Land in Zhengding County and Management Countermeasures

为摸清正定县耕地土壤肥力现状,对该县具有代表性的2 000个土壤样品的有机质、全氮、有效磷、速效钾和微量元素含量进行了测定。结果表明:正定县耕地土壤养分含量分别为有机质16.0 g/kg、全氮0.92 g/kg、有效磷20.56 mg/kg、速效钾107 mg/kg,分别较1982年全国第2次土壤普查值提高了29.0%、19.6%、94.0%和13.3%。正定县大部分耕地土壤有机质、全氮和有效磷含量均属中等及以上水平,有48.5%的耕地速效钾含量属不缺水平。但不同作物种植模式下的土壤养分状况差异较大,其中,蔬菜地土壤有机质、全氮、有效磷和速效钾含量属中等及以上水平;大田作物土壤有机质和有效磷含量属中等水平,土壤全氮和速效钾含量属中等偏下水平;沙地土壤有机质、全氮、有效磷和速效钾含量均属极缺水平。正定县耕地土壤有效铁、有效锰和有效铜含量丰富,有4.9%的耕地缺乏有效锌,有31.8%的耕地缺乏有效硼。针对正定县土壤肥力状况,提出了该县耕地土壤管理的对策。

In order to make clear the soil fertility status of cultivated land in Zhengding County,the contents of organic matter,total nitrogen,available phosphorous,available potassium,and trace elements in soil from 2 000 representative samples were determined and analyzed.The results showed that the average contents of organic matter,total nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium were 16.0 g/kg,0.92 g/kg,20.56 mg/kg,and 107 mg/kg,respectively,which increased by 29.0%,19.6%,94.0% and 13.3% than that in the 2nd national soil survey which was carried out in the 1980s.The contents of organic matter,total nitrogen and available phosphorus were at medium to high levels,and the available potassium content of 48.5% cultivated land was at sufficient level.But there were great difference in soil nutrient contents under different planting system.The contents of organic matter,total nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium in vegetable fields were at medium to high levels.The contents of organic matter and available phosphorus in wheat/maize rotation fields were at medium level,while those of total nitrogen and available potassium were at medium to low levels.And to sandy soil,all the soil nutrients contents were at low levels.The contents of soil available Fe,Mn and Cu were at rich level,but 4.9% field was lack of Zn,and 31.8% field was lack of B.According to the soil fertility status,the countermeasures for field nutrients management were suggested for Zhengding County.