玉米品种耐密性研究及耐密型育种的思考

Study on Density Tolerance of Maize Varieties and Thingking on Density Tolerant Breeding

美国玉米产量远远高于我国的主要原因是美国通过增加种植密度而加大群体数量来提高产量。逐步增加种植密度是提高玉米产量的主要途径,也是玉米生产发展的必然趋势。以目前大田生产上常用的夏玉米品种郑单958、先玉335和衡单6272为试材,在种植密度6.00万～9.75万株/hm2范围内设计了6个梯度水平,分析不同密度条件下各品种的产量变化。结果表明:随着种植密度的增加,不同玉米品种的产量呈现出不同的变化趋势,当前推广的玉米品种耐密性有待于进一步提高。并对耐密型玉米品种的选育和杂交种鉴定技术进行了探讨。

The maize yield of U.S.A was much higher than that of China by increasing planting density.Gradually increasing the planting density was the main way for increasing maize yield the inevitable development trend of maize production.Using the commonly used maize varieties in the field production Zhengdan 958,Xianyu 335 and Hengdan 6272 as the experimental materials,the effects of different planting densities on the yield were studied.The results showed that with the increasing of planting density,the yield of different maize varieties showed different change trend.The density tolerance of popularized maize varieties should be further improved.The density tolerant varieties breeding and the hybrid identification technology were discussed.