新型树枝状化合物的合成与应用研究进展

Review of synthesis and application of novel dendrimers

树枝状化合物具有精致、对称的结构,是一类可以从分子水平上控制、设计合成的新型化合物.树枝状化合物独特的结构伴随着独特的性能,这些独特的性能使得它在实际生产的各个领域有广泛的用途.树枝状化合物发展至今其合成方法不断进步、完善,不断朝向多样化、功能化的方向发展.其合成的基本思想方法可以归结为收敛法和发散法.树枝状化合物今后将在许多方面与现有聚合物或小分子材料竞争,并可能取而代之,因而对于新型树枝状化合物的合成研究具有重要的意义.

The dendrimers are a new type of compounds with exquisite and symmetric structure.They can be controlled and synthesized from the molecular level.Their unique structures result in their inimitable properties that make them wide applicable in many fields.Even though the synthetic methods of dendrimers have developed towards diversity and function,the basic strategies involve in the convergent and divergent methods.Dendrimers will compete with polymers and small molecules in a lot of aspects,consequently replace them,therefore it is of significant importance to study the synthetic methods of new dendrimers.