西部农村初中效率的测算及影响因素分析——基于随机前沿生产函数模型的研究

An Estimation of Technical Efficiency and Impact Factor Analysis for Secondary Schools in Western Rural Areas of China

在以质量为导向的教育发展目标下,提升办学效率与推进教育公平互为因果,效率问题研究对实现"提高质量、促进公平"这一战略目标具有重要的现实意义。本文基于西部5省农村初中大规模调查数据,构建随机前沿生产函数模型测算了农村初中办学效率,利用Tobit模型系统分析了效率的影响因素。研究发现:西部农村初中办学效率整体较好,但无效率状况仍然存在;考虑效率差异后,加强教师队伍建设对初中教育发展至关重要,同时在学校发展规划中应以优先利用和改造现有校舍为主;为提高农村学校办学效率,教育管理部门应引导学校合理采取分层教学策略,关注来自少数民族家庭、贫困家庭等家庭社会经济地位不利的学生,并严格避免农村学校布局结构调整后可能出现的超大规模班级现象。

Based the quality development target,the improvement of efficiency and the promotion of equality interact as both cause and effect,as a result,school production efficiency research is an important practical significance for the strategic objective of 'improve quality,promote fairness'.In this paper,we built a SFA model to evaluate the technical efficiency of secondary schools in western area of China,then built a Tobit model to analysis the impact factors.We find that,there existed inefficiency condition in our samples;while consider the inefficiency condition,teachers' quality is a key factor to school outcome.In order to improve school TE,manager department should lead school adapt the strategies of layered teaching,school leaders should pay more intention to introduce M&E tools,avoid super large-scale class size;pay special attention on minority students and low social economic level students.