家庭教育支出平等性的实证研究

An Empirical Study of Household Education Expenditure Inequality

针对日益受到关注的家庭教育支出不平等这一议题,本文采用国家统计局对全国21个城市发放的城镇居民教育专项调查数据进行实证分析,考察分教育阶段、分收入水平的家庭教育支出分布情况。本文发现:1、非义务教育阶段家庭的校内教育支出明显高于义务教育阶段,校外教育支出则表现出相反的模式;2、校外教育支出的不平等性远高于校内教育支出,是造成家庭教育总支出不平等的主要原因;3、高中阶段是家庭校外教育支出的主要阶段,小学阶段则是家庭校外教育支出不平等现象最为严重的阶段。根据这些结论,本文提出了有针对性的政策建议。

Using the 2007 urban household education survey data,collected from 21 cities by the National Bureau of Statistics of China,this study examines the inequality of household education expenditure by the child's education stages and household income levels.Our study obtains the following findings: First,the household expenditure on school-related activities is obviously higher in the non-compulsory education stages(kindergarten and high school) than that in the compulsory education stage(elementary and junior high school),while the pattern of education expenditure outside school is the opposite.Second,the inequality of education expenditure spent outside school is significantly higher than that of school expenditure,while the outside-school expenditure has become the major cause of the overall education expenditure inequality.Finally,in high school,the outside-school education expenditure was the highest,while in the elementary school stage,the inequality in outside school expenditure was the highest.