我国有限责任公司股权对外转让制度的反思与重构

The Limited Liability Company's Foreign Equity Transfer System:Reference, Reflection and Reconstruction

鉴于有限责任公司的人合性特征,各国公司法普遍对股权对外转让加以限制,包括其他股东同意权、优先购买权、指定购买制度等。我国公司法吸收了其他国家的先进立法例,也进行了限制股权对外转让的制度安排。但新《公司法》中如转让事项通知事项具体内容亟待明确、强制购买义务有形同虚设之嫌、优先购买权制度尚不完善等。笔者从西方法系中限制股权对外转让制度解析入手,反思了我国公司法律制度中这一制度的缺陷和不足,并提出了改进的具体思路。

In view of the characteristics of human nature in the limited liability company,the company laws in many countries generally restrict the transfer of foreign equity,including other shareholders being consent,pre-emptive right and the specified purchase system.China's companies absorbed the advanced legislation of other countries,and also limited the transfer of shares of foreign institutional arrangements.However,there still exists some deficiencies and inexplicitness on the criterion of present legislation,for example,the specific content of transferring and notifying matters need to be clear,compulsory purchase obligations are just like non-existent,pre-emption system is not perfect.Based on the review and analysis of western methods of foreign equity restrictions in the transfer system,the authors give suggestions for the improvement of foreign transfer institution.