宁夏高血压社区干预效果评价

Evaluation of Community-based Intervention on Hypertension Patients in Ningxia

目的评价宁夏回族自治区高血压社区干预的效果。方法采用分层整群随机抽样对宁夏5个县(市)≥18岁的12900例居民进行调查,检出的2849例高血压病人作为研究对象。2489例高血压病人随机分为社区干预组与对照组。对干预组患者实施高血压及相关危险因素的健康教育,通过比较干预组与对照组患者干预前后治疗率、控制率、体重指数达标率、各种不良生活行为改变率,评价干预效果。结果干预前干预组收缩压(144.54±17.87)mmHg和舒张压(89.52±11.24)mmHg与对照组(144.05±18.03)、(89.30±11.18)mmHg相比差异无统计学意义,干预后干预组两值(137.15±15.22)、(85.43±10.78)mmHg均显著低于对照组(143.60±17.43)、(89.15±11.12)mmHg,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);干预后干预组高血压患者的治疗率、控制率、体重指数达标率分别为81.51%、54.86%、44.32%,对照组高血压患者上述三率分别为71.36%、30.09%、37.09%,干预组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.01);干预组干预后的吸烟率、饮酒率、合理运动率、低盐饮食率等生活方式及行为均有显著改变(P均<0.01)。结论通过对高血压患者进行高血压健康知识教育,可以有效提高高血压患者血压达标率,改变患者的不良行为及生活方式,从而降低高血压发病率。

Objective To evaluate the effect of community-based intervention on hypertension patients in Ningxia.Methods Through cluster multistage and random sampling,12900 subjects aged≥18 years old in five counties(cities) of Ningxia were investigated,and 2849 hypertension patients were found.They were included in the current study.2849 cases with hypertension were randomly divided into the community-based intervention group and the control group.Effectiveness was evaluated through contrasting the intervention group and control group about the situation of taking medicine,effectiveness of blood pressure control and bad behavioral change with original ones.Results The SBP(144.54 ± 17.87) mmHg and DBP(89.52 ± 11.24) mmHg in intervention group was no significantly different from those in control group at baseline,while after the intervene they were significant lower in intervention group(137.15 ± 15.22) mmHg,(85.43 ± 10.78) mmHg than those in control group(143.60 ± 17.43) mmHg,(89.15 ± 11.12) mmHg;rate of taking medicine(81.51%),success rate of blood pressure control(54.86%),and success rate of BMI(44.32%) in intervention group were higher than those in control group(the corresponding rates were71.36%,30.09% and 37.09% respectively);The bad behavior changed significantly(P < 0.01) in intervention group after invention.Conclusion By health education on relative knowledge,we can increase the success rate of blood pressure,correct the patients' bad behavior and reduce the prevalence of hypertension.