视网膜神经纤维层检查在青光眼早期诊断中的应用

Examinations of retina nerve fiber layer in early diagnosis of glaucoma

青光眼是一组以眼压升高、视功能和视神经受损为综合表现的致盲性疾病,严重危害人类的健康。早期诊断常依赖于视野检查,现有研究证实,视网膜神经纤维的受损早于视野缺损,通过视网膜神经纤维层检查有利于青光眼的早期诊断,其检查方法可分形态学检查和厚度测量法两大类。包括:手持检眼镜检查、无赤光眼底照相、视神经纤维分析仪、视网膜厚度分析仪、扫描激光拓扑仪、光学相干断层扫描仪、激光偏振扫描仪等,本文将国内外现状进行综述。

Glaucoma is a kind of syndrome with manifestations of high intraocular tension, damaged visual function and optic nerve, which is seriously harmful to human health. The early diagnosis of glaucoma relies on the primary perimetry. Now a large number of researches have confirmed that the defect of the retina nerve fiber layer is earlier than that of the visual field. The examinations of retina nerve fiber layer are divided into two types： morphological and pachymetric. We reviewed the specific types of the examinations, including ophthalmoscopy, fundus photography with red-free light, optical fiber analyzer, retina thickness analyzer, scan laser topology, optics cohere tomoscanner, polarization of laser scanner, etc. in this article.