山戎等北方民族天文学知识的萌芽

THE ORIGIN OF ASRONOMICAL KNOWLEDGE OF SHANRONG AND OTHER NORTHERN NATIONALITIES

该文依据考古资料，探讨北方山戎、东胡、狄戎和肃慎等少数民族的天文知识的起源，这些天文知识包括对周日视运动的认识、早期历法、天象记录、对天地结构的认识等，认为红山诸文化遗址中的祭坛、女神庙、积石家群的平面布局包含着“天圆地方”的思想，是我国古代盖天思想的萌芽。

With its basis on archaeological finds, this article discusses the origin of astronomical knowledge of the Shanrong, DOnghu, Dirng and Suzhen nationalities of northern China in ancient times. This knowledge includes the understanding of the apparent aiumal mtion, the early calendar, the recouds of astronmical phenomena on paintings done on rocks and the wnder tanding to the atrmcties of heaven and earth among the ruins of various Hongshan cultures. The article deems that the planar layout of the altars for offering sacrifices to gods, the Temple for the Goddess and the tomb-groups made of stones embodies the idea of 'a round heaven and a square earth', which is the earliest origin of ancient China's gaiian theory.