黄瓜数量性状遗传的研究初报

Preliminary Research on the Quantitative Inherited Characters in Cucumber

以4个黄瓜自交系为试材,采用完全双列杂交设计,对黄瓜果实数量性状的遗传规律进行了研究。结果表明:与颜色有关的性状遗传率较高,直接选择效果较好,叶绿素含量的狭义遗传率可达89.93%。在10%的选择率下,选择效率为132.88%。除瓜杷长度外与产量有关性状遗传率都较低,直接选择效果较差。在10%的选择率下,单瓜重的选择效率仅为45.45%。各性状的平均显性度小于1,不存在超显性遗传。同时,加性效应在各性状中占主导地位。

Sixteen cucumber crosses were made to study the genetic effect of the fruit quantitative characters with using 4 inbred lines. The results showed that the heritabilities of the cucumber color characters and length of the fruit neck were high while the heritabilities of the cucumber yield characters were low, so the cucumber color could express mostly in the next generation and they could be selected at early generation. The selective efficiencies of the color characters and length of fruit neck were high, so they could be selected directly. The dominant grade of every character was less than 1, so there was no overdominant heridity.The additive effect of every character was significiant, which showed that the additive effect plays an important role in the heridity of cucumber fruit characters.