锂离子电池正极材料LiFePO_4的湿化学合成研究进展

Advances in Wet-chemical Synthesis of LiFePO_4 as a Cathode Material of Lithium Ion Batteries

评述了乳化干燥法、共沉淀法、Sol gel法及水热法等湿化学法合成LiFePO4的研究进展。乳化干燥法具有原料来源广,产物电化学性能优良,制备方法简单等优点;共沉淀法具有反应时间短,能耗低,产物性能好等优点,但原料的选择有一定的限制;Sol gel法具有纯度高、颗粒细等优点,其主要不足为凝胶干燥时收缩性大,粉体材料的烧结性不好;水热法具有原料来源广泛,制备工艺简单,流程短,操作容易,易实现工业化等优点,是值得进一步研究的制备方法。

A review is made of the advance in research work on synthesization of LiFePO4 using wet chemical methods, such as emulsion drying, co-precipitation, Sol-gel process and hydrothennal method. The emulsion drying method has the advantages of extensive availability of raw materials, excellent electrechemical performance of products and simple preparation method. The co-precipitation process has the advantages of short reaction time, low energy consumption and good product performance, but is limited in selection of raw materials. The Sol-gel process is characterized by higher purity and smaller size products, but its disadvantages are as follows：great shrinkage during Sol-gel drying and poor sintering property of powdered materials. The hydrothennal method is a preparation method which is worth further studying due to its wide availability of raw materials, simple preparation technology, short flowsheet, ease operation and ease industrialization.