中国各区域对外贸易的决定因素分析——中国八大区域与东亚三经济体间的贸易

The Regional Characteristics of the International Trade of China: Intra-Industry Trade between Eight Regions of China and Three East Asian Regions

本文将中国划分为8大区域,通过分析这8大区域与韩国、台湾地区、日本之间的贸易趋势,寻找影响中国各区域国际贸易的主要因素。韩国、台湾地区、日本这三个东亚经济体作为中国的主要贸易伙伴,在中国的市场占有率达到40%,在同中国的贸易中存在着区域和商品种类上的差别。即韩国在东北地区、台湾在南部沿海地区、日本则在中国大部分地区显示出较高的市场占有率,并且它们在中国各沿海地区的产品出口种类趋于相同,说明东亚三个经济体在中国各地区的竞争越来越激烈。通过对东亚三个经济体同中国各区域产业内贸易趋势的分析,发现,收入水平高、产业结构相对高级的东部沿海区域表现出相互独立的贸易结构。这种现象可以进一步解释为各区域之间还存在着较独立的产业结构。产业内贸易大部分由垂直产业内贸易构成,即同东亚三个经济体形成了商品质量和价格差别的同一品种之间的贸易。最后,通过对产业内贸易决定因素的计量分析,可以看出中国各区域的人均收入水平、外国直接投资额、工业产品出口比重等是决定垂直产业内贸易的主要因素。

This paper studies the trends and determinant factors of the international trade between the eight regions of China and three East Asian regions such as Korea, Taiwan province and Japan. The trade shares of these three regions in China are more than 40%. And the market competitions among these three East Asian regions have been changed more rapidly. The study on the determinants of the Intra-lndustry Trade indicates that the per capita GDP and the foreign direct investment are the major determinant factors of vertical Intra-lndustry trade. Also the eight regions of China have an individually independent trade pattern and industrial structure. This means that the single market system in China has not yet been fully implemented.