氮肥对杂交小麦组织氮转运及其杂种优势的影响

Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer on Nitrogen Translocation and Heterosis in Hy-brid Wheats

研究了施氮和不施氮条件下6个杂交小麦及其7个亲本不同器官的氮转运,结果表明:施氮时叶中的氮转运受到极显著的促进,其氮转运量为不施氮的4倍,总麦草90%以上的氮转运来自叶片;无论施氮与否,叶中氮的转运率和贡献率最大,穗壳次之,施氮与否的同一器官并无显著差异;不施氮的各器官氮的转运量、转运率和贡献率多表现正的杂种优势,施氮的多呈负向优势。

Nitrogen translocation and heterosis in different organs of six hybrid wheats as well as their seven parents were studied at nitrogen applied （200 kg·hm^-2） and no nitrogen applied. The results showed that nitrogen application had a marked effect on nitrogen translocation of leaves and was about four times than that of the control and more than 90% nitrogen translocation of total straw came from the leaves. Nitrogen translocation efficiency and contribution ratio of leaves were the highest in all organs, chaffs were the second, and no singnificant difference in the same organ either at nitrogen applied or at no nitrogen applied. There was positive heterosis of nitrogen translocation, translocation efficiency and contribution ratio of various organs at no nitrogen applied, but was negative at nitrogen applied.