2002-2004年国家大豆区试品种对大豆花叶病毒抗性的评价

EVALUATION OF RESISTANCE TO SMV OF THE ENTRIES IN THE NATIONAL UNIFORM SOYBEAN TESTS (2002-2004)

在接种东北大豆产区SMV主要株系N1、N3和黄淮与南方大豆产区SMV株系Sa、SC3条件下,对最新育成的参加2002—2004年国家大豆区试的134个大豆品种进行了抗性评价,结果表明:接种4个株系后,分别有13个品种(东农L13、汾豆56、汾豆60、汾豆61、晋大74、K丰52—1、航天2号、辽03—20、辽95025—5—4、中作2—29、中豆32、科9208、油春32)和5个品种(铁95025 —5—5、铁94037—6、汾豆69、冀99、冀鉴27)分别对4个株系和3个株系表现抗侵染,中黄4、中作016、吉林2001—14等25个品种对1—2个株系表现抗侵染;5个品种(公交03-1212、冀鉴37、秦豆9、淮02-02、滑豆20)对4个株系表现抗扩展。以上品种除可用于生产外,还可作为抗SMV 育种的抗源。该批参试品种中,黄淮地区品种的平均病情指数最轻,其次是东北地区品种,然后长江流域,华南地区品种的病情最重。从不同类型品种的病情分析,按黄淮夏大豆、北方春大豆、南方夏大豆、南方春大豆、菜用大豆、热带多熟制大豆的顺序逐步加重。在田间条件下,免疫品种数量不多,占参试品种的7.9%,严重度为1级的高抗品种占47.5%,未发现严重度为4级的高感品种,表明多数品种田间抗性较好。

The resistance to Soybean Mosaic Virus of 134 entries from the National Uuiform soybean Test in 2002--2004 was evaluated under inoculation with four strains, i. e. N1, N3, Sa and SC3. Thirteen entries （Dong nongL13, Fendou 56, Fendou 60, Fendou 61, Jinda74, Kfeng52--1, Hangtian2, Liao03--20, Liao95025--5--4, Zhongzuo2--29 , Zhongdou 32, Ke9208, Youchun32） with resistance in infection to all four strains, five ones （Tie 95025--5--5, Tie94037--6, Fendou 69, Ji99, Jijian27） with resistance in infection to three strains and 25 entries （ Zhonghuang 4, Zhongzuo 016 and Jilin2001--14 et al. ） with resistance in infection to 1--2 strains, five ones such as Gongjiao 03--1212, Jijian37, Qindoug, Huai02--02 and Huadou20 with resistance in development to four SMV strains were identified. In addition to utilization in soybean production, they can be used as resistance resource in breeding programs. The entries from Huang--Huai--Hai valleys showed to have the lightest disease index or most resistant to SMV in compassion with those from the other two regions. The increasing order of disease index of the entries from different regions , planting seasons and utilizations types was Huang--Huai--Hai summer sowing cultivars〈 Northern spring sowing cultivars〈Southern summer sowing cultivars〈Southern spring sowing cultivars〈cultivars used for vegetable〈Southern China tropical multiple sowing cultivars. The field test for resistance of 101 entries showed that 7.9% and 47.5% were resistant respectively in infection and in development to field SMV population, while highly susceptible cultivars were not detected.