基于激光熔覆的金属零件快速成形组织与性能

Microstructure and Properties of Metal Components by Laser Cladding Rapid Forming

采用同步送粉法进行了镍基合金Ni25、Ni60和316L不锈钢多层激光熔覆成形试验,对不同材料的成形组织与性能进行了表征。结果表明,成形零件组织细小、致密,无缺陷,层与层之间为冶金结合;快速凝固枝晶沿最大温度梯度方向呈外延方式择优生长。力学性能测试表明,316L不锈钢零件抗拉强度达680MPa,伸长率超过40%,达到或超过铸造和冷、热轧退火零件的性能,能够满足实际使用要求。

Multi-layers laser cladding forming experiments of Ni25, Ni60 nickel-based alloys and 316L stainless steel were carried out with synchronous metal-powder delivering method. Microstructure and properties of different materials were characterized. The results show that the microstructure of the deposited components is fine,compact and free of defects, interfaces between layers present a metallurgical bonding. The rapid solidified dendrites grow preferentially along the direction of maximum temperature gradient. Mechanical properties test indicates that the tensile strength of 316L stainless steel reaches 680MPa,and the elongation surpasses 40% , which has reached or surpassed those of the casting and cold roll-annealing or hot roll-annealing materials. Therefore, the requirement of practical applications can be satisfied.