东北边疆危机与清廷对东北的弛禁和全面开放

Boundary Crisis and Qing Dynasty's Rescinding the Prohibition & Opening towards the Northeast

第二次鸦片战争之后,东北出现了极为严重的边疆危机。清廷被迫放弃封禁政策,转而对东北实行移民实边,完成了封禁———弛禁———全面开放的转变,从而使得东北土地至清末基本得以全面开发。这一事件有着积极的历史作用。

After the Seeond Opium War , Northeast suffered a serious boundary crisis. Qing Dynasty was forced to abandon to close it , and turned to enrich it with immigration . With the transferring from closing, rescinding to opening , the earth of northeast was opened thoroughly at the end of Qing Dynasty, which played an important role in Chinese history.